Using Spanish Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns

Perhaps the most difficult aspect of grammar for most Spanish students when studying pronouns is learning how to use and distinguish between direct object and indirect object pronouns. English doesnt make a distinction between the two types of pronouns, but Spanish does. Direct vs. Indirect Objects Direct object pronouns are those pronouns that represent the nouns directly acted upon by the verb. Indirect object pronouns stand for the noun that is the recipient of the verbs action. In both English and Spanish, a verb may have no object (e.g., I live, vivo), a direct object only (e.g., I killed the fly, matà © la mosca), or both direct and indirect objects (e.g., I gave her the ring, le di el anillo, where le or her is the indirect object and anillo or ring the direct object). The construction of an indirect object without a direct object isnt used in English, but it can be done in Spanish (e.g., le es difà ­cil, it is difficult for him, where le is the indirect object). Another way of looking at indirect objects in Spanish is that they could be replaced by a prepositional pronoun or sometimes para prepositional pronoun. In the example sentence, we could say di el anillo a ella and mean the same thing (just as we could say in English, I gave the ring to her). In Spanish, unlike English, a noun cant be an indirect object; it must be used as the object of a preposition. For example, we could say I gave Sally the ring in English, while Sally is the indirect object, but in Spanish the preposition a is needed, le di el anillo a Sally. As in this example, it is common, although not strictly required, to include both the pronoun le and the named indirect object. In English, we use the same pronouns for both direct and indirect objects. In Spanish, both types of object pronouns are the same except in the third person. The third-person singular direct object pronouns are lo (masculine) and la (feminine), while in the plural, they are los and las. But the indirect object pronouns are le and les in the singular and the plural, respectively. No distinction is made according to gender. The other object pronouns in Spanish are me (first-person singular), te (second-person familiar singular), nos (first-person plural), and os (second-person familiar plural). Following in chart form are the object pronouns in Spanish. The direct objects are shown in the second and third columns, the indirect objects in the fourth and fifth columns. me me Ella me ve (she sees me). me Ella me dio el dinero (she gave me the money). you (familiar) te Ella te ve. te Ella te dio el dinero. him, her, it, you (formal) lo (masculine)la (feminine) Ella lo/la ve. le Ella le dio el dinero. us nos Ella nos ve. nos Ella nos dio el dinero. you (familiar plural) os Ella os ve. os Ella os dio el dinero. them, you (plural formal) los (masculine)las (feminine) Ella los/las ve. les Ella les dio el dinero. More About Using Object Pronouns Here are some other details of using these pronouns: Leà ­smo In some parts of Spain, le and les are used as direct-object pronouns to to refer to masculine human beings instead of lo and los, respectively. Youre not likely to run into this usage, known as el leà ­smo, in Latin America. Attaching Object Pronouns Object pronouns can be attached after infinitives (the unconjugated form of the verb that ends in -ar, -er or -ir), gerunds (the form of the verb that ends in -ando or -endo, generally equivalent to the -ing ending in English), and the affirmative imperative. Quiero abrirla. (I want to open it.)No estoy abrià ©ndola. (I am not opening it.)à brela. (Open it.) Note that where the pronunciation requires it, a written accent needs to be added to the verb. Placing Object Pronouns Before Verbs Object pronouns are always placed before verb forms except those listed above. Quiero que la abras. (I want you to open it.)No la abro. (I am not opening it.)No la abras, (Dont open it.) Se To avoid alliteration, when le or les as an indirect-object pronoun precedes the direct-object pronoun lo, los, la or las, se is used instead of le or les. Quiero dà ¡rselo. (I want to give it to him/her/you/.)Se lo darà ©. (I will give it to him/her/you.) Order of Object Pronouns When both direct-object and indirect-object pronouns are objects of the same verb, the indirect object comes before the direct object. Me lo darà ¡. (He will give it to me.)Quiero dà ¡rtelo. (I want to give it to you.) Sample Sentences These simple sentences demonstrate the distinctions among the pronouns. Compro el regalo. (I am buying the gift. Regalo is a direct object.)Lo compro. (I am buying it. Lo is a direct object.)Voy a comprarlo. (I will buy it. The direct object lo is attached to the infinitive.)Estoy comprà ¡ndolo. (I am buying it. The direct object is attached to the gerund. Note the accent mark to keep the stress on the second syllable of the verb.)Te compro el regalo. (I am buying you the gift. Te is an indirect project.)Le compro el regalo. (I am buying him the gift, or I am buying her the gift. Le is the indirect object; the indirect object pronouns are same for males and females.)Se lo compro. (I am buying it for him, or I am buying it for her. Se here substitutes for le.) Key Takeaways Verbs act on direct objects, while indirect objects are recipients of the verbs action.Although there are regional variations in usage, the standard direct and indirect objects in Spanish are the same in the first and second person, while the indirect objects are le and les in the third person.Object pronouns come before verbs, although they can be attached to infinitives, gerunds, and affirmative commands.

Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter And Spring Directed By Kim Ki...

Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter and Spring directed by Kim Ki-Duk is a scenic film concerning a young Buddhist monk who evolves through the four seasons of life as he transforms from childhood to an old age. Buddhism is a system of doctrine and practice largely based on the teachings of Gautama Siddhartha commonly known as the Buddha enlightened or awakened . The four predominant lessons of the Buddha are known as the ‘Four Noble Truths’. According to the Buddha, â€Å"the real nature of the life and universe is nothing other than suffering, the cause of suffering, the cessation of suffering and the way leading to the cessation of suffering†. These ‘Four Noble Truths’ are the fundamental lessons that all Buddhists learn. Furthermore, this particular film discovers three significant ideologies, of which include, Attachment, Samsara and the Impermanence. In Buddhism, Samsara refers to the perpetual cycle of life such as birth, ordinary life, death and r ebirth. Attachments on the other hand are modest beliefs or delusions that are perceived as reality in our mind. â€Å"The Buddha taught that seeing oneself and everything else this way is a delusion. Further, it is a delusion that is the deepest cause of our unhappiness. It is because we mistakenly see ourselves as separate from everything else that we attach.† Lastly, Impermanence is the inevitable notion that everything changes and nothing stays the same. The film depicts the misery of the world and the source of our suffering isShow MoreRelatedThe Film Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter And Spring3817 Words   |  16 PagesWhat Goes Around, Comes Around Art is a physical expression of the human imagination. As it is viewed it can convey emotion and relationships between people, surmounting all language and cultural barriers. The film Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter and Spring, is no exception (Spring, 2004). It presents the life of a Buddhist monk as he passes through different stages in his life, from childhood to adulthood. It is a contemplative film, selectively organized to clearly illustrate how human life is always

You are my Sunshine free essay sample

Her voice was quiet; he wasnt sure f he was even actually hearing it or if he was Imagining It. You are my sunshine, my only sunshine you make me happy when skies are gray. Ã'›_ This was one that she had taught him. He couldnt recall exactly when she taught him it, or who had been the one to teach her t. He was positive it was one ot the humans, either John or Jade. It seemed like a song that they would know, sappy and cheesy. It was probably John that taught her It. Either way It didnt matter who had shown her it, but she sang it all the time. She sang it to him, or him, and she was always requesting for him to sing it with her. She seemed to want nothing more than to duet with hlm_ Youll never know dearm_how much I love you Naturally every single time she asked he had refused. We will write a custom essay sample on You are my Sunshine or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Why would he ever sing, especially with her, or such a lame song? what a tucking stupid Idea. where did she even think of It? Did somebody suggest It to her? If It had been a suggestion then It was probably John, the boy seemed to be behind everything that bothered Karkat. Please dont take my sunshine away. As his gaze was glued to the young troll lying on the floor, In a pool of her own olive lood, he couldnt help but feel crushed by guilt. This was his fault. That girl he had known, one of his closest friends not that he was willing to admit it- was only a shadow of who she had once been. The other mght dear, as I lay sleeping. Her pain was clear in her voice. How was she even singing at this point? It didnt matter. He moved slowly, or at least it seemed to him. Kneeling beside her small torm he reached out and grabbed hers, holding it tight with his and interlacing their fingers. l dreamed I held you In my arms___ He slowly moved to lay down beside her. smearing the image she had painted with er cnvn blood. It was better to have the real him laying here next to her instead ot that palntlng_ rlght? As he stared at her, he didnt know which was worse; the fact that he couldnt help her, or the fact that if she survived this she would never be the same again. Would it be worse if she lived? There was no way that she could function to the same degree as before, not with the Injury she had received. Even now her voice held a different sound to It. Was It better If she died? Nepeta. He started, but was interrupted by her small, broken voice. But when I awoke dear. as mistakenÃ'›. This enure thing was his fault, he couldnt protect her. what was he supposed to do now? How could he possibly save her? He had absolutely no idea. His gaze was drawn away to the prone form laying just a few feet away from them. He wanted to call out to him, to ask him what he was supposed to do. How the fuck he was supposed to handle this, but he knew that there was no use n dong so Equius was ever going to say a t hing, he was never going to get up again. So I hung my head and I cried. Regret hit him like a brick wall.. He was such a tuckass. Before this he couldnt even ake the time to sing a stupid song with her _ How could he have been so terrible to her? He pushed her away at every chance he had. He hurt her over and over, rejected her, and tore down her ideas. How could he have continuously done so? Each time hand tightened and he let out a slow breath. He would do right by her at least once. You are my sunshine, my only sunshine. His voice rang out beside hers, or rather over hers. His was far louder and much stronger. He could feel the blood on the ground seeping through his clothing but his didnt care, at least not at the moment. He needed to make for being so rotten to her. He needed to make her happy for the last few moments that he was actually able to. You make me happy when skies are gray. Still holding her hand tight, he reached out with his right and hook his arm around her back before tugging Nepeta into his arms. Her voice skipped dipped, she skipped a word in the line, the pain of being moved clearly great. She didnt react otherwise though. She didnt look at him, she didnt cling to him. She Just continued to sing. He doubted she even realized that he was there, that he was holding her against him. Youll never know dear, how much I love you He clutched her tight against his chest, his grip becoming a steel beam around her. That time she reacted, her arm twitched, moving up a bit. His mind took it as a sign, a good sign. She was still registering her surroundings. She knew he was there. He refused to believe the logical part of his brain, the part telling him that it was an involuntary reflex. That it had nothing to do with her registering him being next to her. It didnt matter, he was going to believe what he wanted to and at that moment he wanted to believe that there was hope for her. He grabbed her arm gently, the one that had twitched, and lifted it up. He hooked it around his neck, listening to her breath hitch at the movement. He took the sound as her not wanting him to let go, not the fact that she was in pain. His eyes shut tight, blocking out the olive that surrounded them, blocking out the tragedy. With his eyes shut he could pretend that they were Just lying next to each other on the floor, laying on spilt faygo. That there was nothing wrong, that they were both fine. Or at least he could try to pretend that. Please dont take my sunshine away. He refused to acknowledge the fact that her voice was fading ever so slowly. That ith every passing moment she become quieter. He wanted to remain ignorant for as long as possible. She was tired, she Just needed a break from singing. Thats all that it was. After she had a moments rest she would be perfectly fine. She would look and him and smile wide. She would pounce on him and exclaim in her happy little voice Karkitty! You sang with me! . He would grumble and deny it. She would giggle and then she would insist that they sing again. And that would be alright. If she wanted to sing the song again that would be perfectly fine with him. Please dont take. my unshine away. His voice wavered, it wobbled. The pitched falling in and out of tune, it echoed in the room. The only sound. His mind registered that there was only his voice now, that Nepeta had fallen silent but he didnt take it into account. She Just needed a small break. She would Join in once more on the final line. She wouldnt let him sing it on his own. Please dont take my sunshine away. He whispered the last note, the song was over. Nepeta hadnt rejoined in singing. It took him several moments to open his eyes; afraid to see what awaited, what he would need to face. The colors around him were tinted red, his vision blurring. He him. He dragged his gaze to Nepeta. He stared at the young troll in his arms. He looked so peaceful, as if she were Just sleeping, her eyes were even shut. He kept his fingers tightly intertwined with hers as he lifted her free hand up and brushed the bangs from her eyes. Her skin was still warm. The image was almost perfect; he could nearly convince himself truly that she was Just sleeping except for the olive that stained her features. There was far too much. Her forehead was sticky, trail of olive blood flowing down it, already starting to dry slowly. A sad, small smile cracked his features, she looked so restful.

Lifeboat free essay sample

As the music filled my ears with Joy I could feel nothing more than the ecstasy I was In. It was as if nothing else in the world mattered. The world could end and I wouldnt care. I could feel the beauty of the sound of Christian music In my heart It Inspired me In such a way that no one else could understand ever the way I feel. I was beautiful, the world was beautiful, probably as beautiful as the way I feel. Then the world got quite, I got quite. This was the first time I can say I truly heard music. My name is Sally, like an ash tree meadow. I was the girl who was walking the rang path.I was separated from my family when I was five and came here to the United States. My mom had gotten married, while I watched my step dad beat her and prostitute her, years passes by. We will write a custom essay sample on Lifeboat or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page John his son, a tall, monster like who took my pride and that little girl I was. Having to live in a shelter for months, I was depressed, lost, confused and took the hands of the wrong people to help me. Deep down I had faith when I heard the word of God through music. The first moment I put on my headphones and pressed play on my Pod. The song playing was One thing remains y Kristin Standstill each word became Imprinted Into my memory.I knew what was missing from my hollow life. It felt Like It was a whole new world and I finally opened my eyes and Just stepped Into this world that as perfect and everything else around me lost its importance while I got lost in its trance. It was a feeling that just took everything that was wrong, messed up, confusing, and painful inside of me and transformed it into something that I knew for the first time was right. The pain was still there but I found a way adjust keep these dreadful questions that brought me so much pain every time I heard Are you K? ND Do you want talk? I knew that there was something wrong but to everyone else I Just seemed like another quiet kid who Just didnt have friends and maybe I was, I honestly dont even know. I felt as long as I had music to keep myself from the self- destruct button, that I would find some form of happiness no matter how little It was. Music to me wasnt Just a form of relief, It was a way for me to express something anything maybe not to other people but to myself so that I knew I had some type of feeling and that I was even normal.It is my life raft. I stuck to Christian music as if it was the key for me to make it in this world and it worked. It kept me dry till one day a hurricane came and almost drowned me and in this violent storm and I lost my way. I stopped following the music and I guess somewhere along the line I took the my ways back and fell into this horrible hellhole and went too far down. One day I woke up and asked myself who am l? I knew that I had to have hope and follow the word of God and motivate me and change my life and guide me.Here in this world I realized that Christian music was going to be able to be my life aft I looked around and found that this mulls was my motivation, my strength, and would tell me not to give up. I was grateful that I did, I flipped over my lifeboat and Just continued to stroll along. As the days, weeks, months, and years went on that I talked and gained new friends, I found that my life was becoming less and less needed as people were finally starting to accept me for me. The darkness and pain but now I know that I have more than Just my music and lifeboat because when another storm comes, I have others who can help me survive.

Zinacantecos Indians essays

Zinacantecos Indians essays The Zinacantecos have changed moderately over time but their strong heritage and belief systems have been carried through to present times. The language has stayed intact over several thousand years mainly because of its importance in expressing their cosmology, which in essence is the main principle upon which they live their lives. They have adopted some Spanish words and are all learning Spanish in school but their own language as well as many of their beliefs and rituals are still practiced within their social units. The Zinacanteco universe is based around a quadrilateral cosmos. There is a center of their above world called the "navel" which is a mound of earth in the Zinacantan ceremonial center. The entire world is extended from this navel. The four points that surround this center indicate the Vashak-Men or the "Four-Corner Gods". The significance of these gods and their connection with nature is proven when they see natural disasters as a theory of population control or as punishment for sins. An earthquake is experienced when the gods are tired and they are shifting the excessive burden from shoulder to shoulder, the earthquake is thought to kill enough people to balance out the burden. As I alluded to previously, they also believe in an upper and lower world. The upper world is the surface upon which humans live. The lower world consists of monkeys and dwarfs that evolved when the gods failed at making humans the first time around. The Katin-Bak translates as the "place warmed by bones", this corresponds to the Christian hell as it is a deep hole somewhere inside the earth. The Sun is referred to as "Our Father Heat". Its path determines the basic directions that guide the Zinacantecos orientation on the surface of the earth. The "place where the sun rises" or in translation the east is the most important because they direct all of their religious ceremonies and rituals in this direction. Venus was coined th...

Lewis Structure Definition and Example

Lewis Structure Definition and Example Lewis structures go by many names, including Lewis electron dot structures, Lewis dot diagrams, and electron dot structures. All these names refer to the same sort of diagram, which is intended to show the location of bonds and electron pairs. Key Takeaways: Lewis Structure A Lewis structure is a diagram that shows the covalent bonds and lone electron pairs in a molecule.Lewis structures are based on the octet rule.While Lewis structures are useful for describing chemical bonding, they are limited in that they do not account for aromaticity, nor do they describe magnetic behavior accurately. Lewis Structure Definition A Lewis structure is a structural representation of a molecule where dots are used to show electron position around the atoms and lines or dot pairs represent covalent bonds between atoms. The purpose of drawing a Lewis dot structure is to identify the lone electron pairs in molecules to help determine chemical bond formation. Lewis structures may be made for molecules that contain covalent bonds and for coordination compounds. The reason is that electrons are shared in a covalent bond. In an ionic bond, its more like one atom donates an electron to the other atom. A Lewis structure is named for Gilbert N. Lewis, who introduced the idea in the article The Atom and the Molecule in 1916. Also Known As: Lewis structures are also called  Lewis dot diagrams, electron dot diagrams, Lewis dot formulas, or electron dot formulas. Technically, Lewis structures and electron dot structures are different because electron dot structures show all electrons as dots, while Lewis structures indicate shared pairs in a chemical bond by drawing a line. How a Lewis Structure Works A Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule in which atoms share electrons so that each atom has 8 electrons in its outer shell. As an example, an oxygen atom has 6 electrons in its outer shell. In a Lewis structure, these 6 dots are arranged so an atom has two lone pairs and two single electrons. The two pairs would be opposite each other around the O symbol and the two single electrons would be on the other sides of the atom, opposite each other. In general, single electrons are written on the side of an element symbol. An incorrect placement would be (for example), four electrons on one side of the atom and two on the opposite side. When oxygen bonds to two hydrogen atoms to form water, each hydrogen atom has one dot for its lone electron. The electron dot structure for water shows the single electrons for oxygen sharing space with the single electrons from hydrogen. All 8 spots for dots around oxygen are filed, so the molecule has a stable octet. How to Write a Lewis Structure For a neutral molecule, follow these steps: Determine how many valence electrons each atom in the molecule has. Like for carbon dioxide, each carbon has 4 valence electrons. Oxygen has 6 valence electrons.If a molecule has more than one type of atom, the most metallic or least electronegative atom goes in the center. If you dont know the electronegativity, remember the trend is that electronegativity decreases as you move away from fluorine on the periodic table.Arrange electrons so each atom contributes one electron to form a single bond between each atom.Finally, count the electrons around each atom. If each has 8 or an octet, then the octet is complete. If not, proceed to the next step.If you have an atom that is missing dots, re-draw the structure to make certain electrons form pairs to get the number on each atom to 8. For example, with carbon dioxide, the initial structure has 7 electrons associated with each oxygen atom and 6 electrons for the carbon atom. The final structure puts two pairs (2 sets of 2 dots) on each ox ygen atom, two oxygen electron dots facing the carbon atom, and two sets of carbon dots (2 electrons on each side). There are 4 electrons between each oxygen and carbon, which are drawn as double bonds. Sources Lewis, G. N. (1916). The Atom and the Molecule, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 38 (4): 762–85. doi:10.1021/ja02261a002Weinhold, Frank; Landis, Clark R. (2005). Valency and bonding: A Natural Bond Orbital Donor-Acceptor Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 367. ISBN 0-521-83128-8.Zumdahl, S. (2005) Chemical Principles. Houghton-Mifflin. ISBN 0-618-37206-7.

Security Assessment Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Security Assessment Report - Assignment Example Every one is seen with an access control ID card. Each of it has a unique face and name of the employee, name of the company and the person specific to the job. Any employee or site visitors who pass around in the authorized sections of the building are seen. This is not enough to avoid adjacent occupancies as the company shares a common ground from the neighboring company. Pedestrian traffic pattern is not appreciative though a preventive measure is suggested in the check list. Visitors parking and illumination is a matter of concern which needs proper demarcation and understanding from neighbors. In most of the cases the cases customer equally suffers with the company if any fire accident occurs. The company has faced severe fire hazard in the year 1999. Since then it has installed NICET certified designs of gadgets. Whose works is The company has a limitation to an extent as there aren’t proper policies set, there is no in-house fire brigade and there is no fire notification plan. These are being worked on and have confidence to come up with good solutions. This system usually enables identification of unfamiliar objects such as inventory items, employees, cards or labels that have entered without labels. This system is based on Anti-Collision algorithm which enables to read a large amount of tagged items at a single go. These gadgets are called UHF RFID readers which are compatible to Electronic Product Code open standards. The policies such as ex-employees information should be wiped off from the data base after two years from termination; expired bank loan’s details, partnership details which are no more followed are usually destructed from the data base but stored in a separate secret disk to retrieve if legal problems occur. Security providers like Armour security services are given this job to do the clean up and training if needed. The company is legally strong in its clearance of land issues, its employee rights, and

E-Business Strategy-Company Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

E-Business Strategy-Company Report - Essay Example Finally, these three proposals are evaluated on the basis of advantages, risks, cost, resourcing and development timescales of each. A new concept that has emerged from the World Wide Web is of education on the web: E-learning [1], [2]. E-learning has provided students an opportunity to learn even after school hours. Through such platforms they can interact with their teachers, fellow students [3]. Saudi Arabia has launched its efforts in the field of e-learning; it is being used in several schools and universities [6], [7], [8]. The following figure shows the results of a study conducted by Al-Nuaim [11], in which students were compared on the basis of their performance when some of them were taught the same content face-to-face and some were taught online. King Abdulaziz University is named after the establisher of Saudi Arabia. It was made in 1967 with the vision of spreading quality education in the western part of the country. It is located in the city of Jeddah. A group of entrepreneurs went to King Faisal with the proposal of making a university of world class standard so that their youth can also compete with the world. King Faisal gave his full support to the idea and announced that it will be a national university. A committee was formed which was headed by King Faisal himself [4]. It has contributed to the field of e-learning to a great extent due to which Deanship of Distance Learning was established in 2004 [10]. The university has the objective to spread the knowledge of Islamic values and the highest quality of academic knowledge. They want to promote the element of innovative, superior and comprehensive research in a diverse range of fields, so that they can play their part in the development of the society. Their objective is to make their students competent professionals who possess exceptional skills [4]. The university has more than 120,000 students; there is an almost

Literature Review on Roles Played Essay Example for Free

Literature Review on Roles Played Essay Dalton (2002) had focused on what managers do, which are behavioural roles, rather than the reason or method used by these managers. He recognized that variations in cultural beliefs, values and norms as well as variations in managerial style challenged the performance of global managers. On the other hand, Rifkin (2006) said that soft skills may be more important for global managers to be effective. He suggested three steps companies and managers can take to better prepare for the challenges of managing globally, which are: †¢ To develop a clearer understanding of the challenges of managing people across borders; †¢ To instill in new global managers an awareness of and an appreciation for the vast differences among cultures in which they do business; and †¢ To give global managers the tools and support they need to succeed. Writing on international management and cross-cultural perspectives, Adekola (2007) stated that like the domestic managers, international managers must also adhere to the four major roles of planning, organizing, directing and controlling. He said that planning assures that the business organization has some idea of its purpose, where it is heading and how it will achieve its objectives. International managers must consider not only local conditions but also overall international operations in their short or long-range preparations to achieve their goals. They must be aware of the extent to which employees, local customers, government officials and suppliers are likely to accept or resist changes. Adekola (2007) also stated that control for an international manager includes ensuring that what is happening is what was intended to happen. Control is used in different ways by the organization depending on the level and scope of its application. He quoted Miller (1987) who said that for an international manager, â€Å"control should provide managers with the information necessary to monitor the operations of the firm to help achieve its global strategy†. According to Adekola (2007), â€Å"international direction and leadership style is the way in which a manager chooses to fulfill leadership, delegation, communication and supervision responsibilities. These choices reflect both personal and cultural differences. † He believed that international managers’ roles can be very effective when a manager can learn and develop leadership functions such as completing organizational work through employee motivation, getting commitment, energizing employees’ behaviour and by creating personal interests and excitement in the organization’s goals.

Hemmingways In Our Time :: Hemmingway In Our Time

Hemmingway's In Our Time Half-way through reading Hemmingway's collection In Our Time I was interrupted by my roommate, George. He wanted to know how I liked the story. He seems to be very impressed that I'm reading Hemmingway. I explained to him that it was, in fact, not one story, but a collection of short stories. He asked if they had a common theme or not, and I found it difficult to answer. "Yeas and no," I said. I then went on to explain that although one character, Nick, appeared occasionally, the stories didn't flow as one large story. "It's sort of like a painting," I told him, "If you could pick out any one individual brush-stroke and study it, it would be meaningless. But if you pull back and see all the brush-strokes, you can view the painting in its entirety." He thought this was very wise and went away, contented that I was a literate genius. Myself, I didn't really know what to gather from the stories. I've never honestly read any Hemmingway previously. I've started to read The Sun Also Rises about ten times and gotten waylaid by Batman, Robert B. Parker, and the like each time. I think I read The Old Man and the Sea ages ago in high school, but it was so long ago that it has slipped completely from my memory. He is one of those authors that I always connect with my father and his college years for some reason, although I'm not entirely sure why. I've always wanted to read Hemmingway, but I've always wanted to read all of Shakespeare, Homer, and Eliot, too. The edition I'm reading has the short stories separated by "Chapters" which do and don't tell a story. The "Chapters" strongly remind me of Pink Floyd's The Wall. I was also surprised at how simple it is to read them. They are perfect examples of how Poe defined the short story: quick, (sometimes) powerful, and written to evoke one feeling. After r eading The End of Something, for example, I was struck by how easily Hemmingway made me sad. The ending to A Very Short Story was pure torture. All the stories are simply constructed, no superfluous words, no extra images to clutter the feeling. They seem to be written with Strunk and White's Elements of Style in mind.

Education for Sustainable Development Essay

INTRODUCTION This module provides examples of ways that learning outside the classroom can be used to facilitate Education for Sustainable Development. This includes short visits into the school grounds and local community, as well as visits to farms, factories, offices, neighbourhood science centres and natural settings such as a forest, a beach or a national park. Providing students with high quality learning activities in relevant situations beyond the walls of the classroom is vital for helping students appreciate their first hand experiences from a variety of different perspectives. Experiences outside the classroom also enhances learning by providing students with opportunities to practice skills of enquiry, values analysis and clarification and problem solving in everyday situations. However, taking students outside the classroom requires careful planning of the learning activities and attention to the health and safety risks that might be faced. This module provides guidance on these aspects of planning for learning outside the classroom. OBJECTIVES * To develop an awareness of the positive impact that experiences outside the classroom can have on Education for Sustainable Development; * To develop an understanding of the planning, organisation and risk management required for teaching and learning outside the classroom; and * To identify appropriate strategies for teaching and learning outside the classroom. ACTIVITIES 1. Learning in the local area 2. Approaches to learning outside the classroom 3. Planning for learning outside the classroom 4. Risk management 5. Reflection REFERENCES _____ (2000) Focus on Fieldwork: Special Issue, Teaching Geography, 25(2). Department for Education and Employment (1998) Health and Safety of Pupils on Educational Visits, HMSO, London. Department for Education and Skills (2006) Learning Outside the Classroom Manifesto, Learning Outside the Classroom. Department for Education and Skills & Department for Culture, Media and Sport (2006) Laying the foundations: Using the built environment to teach. DeWitt, J. and Storksdieck, M. (2008) A short review of school field trips: key findings from the past and implications for the future, Visitor Studies, 11(2), pp. 181-197. Laws, K. (1989) Learning geography through fieldwork, in Fien, J., Gerber, R. and Wilson, P. (eds) The Geography Teacher’s Guide to the Classroom, 2nd edition, Macmillan, Melbourne. Rogers, A. (ed) (1995) Taking Action: An Environmental Guide For You and Your Community, United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi. Smith, M. (2002) Exploring a changing world: A guide to fieldwork for youth expeditions, Young Explorers Trust. CREDITS This module was written for UNESCO by Bernard Cox, Margaret Calder, John Fien and Lisa Ryan using material written by Barry Law in Learning for a Sustainable Environment (UNESCO – ACEID).

Chevrolet Case Analysis Essay

Then: ​ In the beginning, Chevrolet positioned itself strongly as a theme of â€Å"quality vehicle with deep roots in America’s past. Priding themselves on the traditional representation of the sporty car brand, Chevrolet has made great strides over the years. Firmly entrenching the brand as a key part of the American culture, Chevrolet has made many attempts to associate with American sporting events. For example, Chevrolet sponsored the All ­American Soap Box Derby for a decade. In addition to sponsoring events, Chevrolet also sponsored drivers with their vehicles for racing circuits such as NASCAR. Another subcategory Chevrolet used along with the American theme was patriotism in its promotional aspects. Taglines with the phrases â€Å"America’s Best Seller,† â€Å"America’s Best Buy,† and â€Å"Like a Rock,† were all famous for reminding consumers about Chevy’s great history as an American leader for automaking. This was perhaps the biggest aspect of Chevrolet’s branding as a company in the United States. However, when it came to Chevrolet as a leading automaker overseas, four values represented the company to their foreign consumers: durability, value, practicability, and friendliness. Many of their various taglines surrounding these values create  strong brand cohesiveness. Although Chevrolet has adopted more of a global brand strategy, it still customizes its branding to appeal to certain markets. Now: ​ Currently, Chevrolet is making plans to launch new vehicles and continue advertising and promoting their brand to consumers. Despite the recall at the beginning of the 2014 year, according to Chevrolet’s marketing leaders,â€Å"†¦the automaker is not spending more on advertising or incentives than previously   budgeted and isn’t likely to change that strategy† (â€Å"GM Stick with Marketing Plan Despite Recall†Ã‚ ­ USA Today). The plan is to focus on the product and not the publicity of trying to defend themselves as a company. Therefore, there will not be a recall ad and instead there will be just ads showing new products introduced recently. As stated before, Chevrolet is looking to spend more marketing money and energy on its full ­size pickups and SUVs this year. On the other side, Chevrolet is using the NFL Superbowl in hopes to boost not only national but global awareness with its ads. Chevrolet continues to also sponsor sports with â€Å"​  Chevrolet’s jersey sponsorship with English soccer club Manchester United†¦will put the Chevrolet bowtie logo in front of the club’s worldwide fan base of some 700 million people..† (â€Å"Audi, Chevy and Lincoln Plan to Boost Ad Spending in 2015†  ­ AdAge)​ . Chevrolet’s current marketing innovations regarding technology with 4G LTE in its vehicles also proves that Chevrolet plans to remain relevant with consumer wants and needs. The GMC Problem Chevrolet’s biggest problem is in fact it’s biggest company supporter, GMC. GM is the starting point for Chevrolet, yet it has been not once but twice in a position that jeopardizes the equity of the Chevrolet brand. GMC is the problem for Chevrolet because of their bad publicity regarding the 2008 bailout and 2014 recall crisis thus far. As mentioned before, Chevrolet’s association and alliance with GMC causes them to have a bad reputation at times, even with Chevrolet’s freedom to stand on   its own as a brand. In the case of GM, the company’s bankruptcy and subsequent bailout had the ability to contaminate its four brands of vehicles, in spite of their individual merits. Therefore, Chevrolet has to figure out how they are going to deal with the bad publicity domino effect that falls upon them every time GM fails. Recommendations Even with a company as successful as Chevrolet, there is always room for improvement. Tactical modifications that can be made to enhance the Chevrolet brand’s equity to remain substantial while in alliance with GM could be examples of: brand decisions to enhance self ­image and product loyalty, increasing brand value from recognition and preference to brand  insistence for their products, and focusing slightly on marketing strategies for ethical and social responsibility if they continue to be a part of GM. Chevrolet is a high quality brand nonetheless, however, they focus on American vehicle tradition where they could take a step back and focus on the consumer. If Chevrolet would reposition a few of their vehicles to show how it would enhance the self ­image of the consumer driving a sporty yet luxurious car, there is a possibility they will get great feedback in sales. Consumers currently are looking for mass customization products that can be used on every level of purchasing decisions. Therefore, it would a smart move for Chevrolet to focus on the consumer even more as the â€Å"person behind the car† (â€Å"man behind the mask†), while still including valuable information about the car itself.

Free Essays on My Philosophy Of Education

My teaching philosophy is based on a personal belief that the most important thing anyone can accomplish in life is to help others learn how to succeed. The main goal of education is to prepare students for the life ahead of them. I believe social studies in particular is an essential part of the curriculum. It serves as a function to help students understand human relations that occurred in the past, are in many ways occurring now, and will likely take place again. This discernment may help students foster and expand beliefs that will make it more likely that they will be able to determine in any situation what is the best thing to do. In the classroom, I like to think that my methods will combine the best of long-established practices with the best of the new. Some topics must be taught through textbook and lecture. There are also some topics that can be taught more effectively through hands-on or even technological approaches. My students and their interests are my focus when deciding which method to deliver. I want to focus on the learning styles of my students when designing a lesson plan, recognizing that learning styles vary from student to student. Change is a large factor when making lesson plans; what worked last year or for a different class may not necessarily work now. I feel that teachers should constantly continue their own education and stay well-informed with current trends in order to always be adaptable to ever changing classroom settings. My responsibility as a social studies teacher is to imagine and create places of learning. My classroom shall be structured as if it were a community. The structured environment will help students to feel safe and secure. I will mediate as students are able to communicate with each other as well as respect each other?s opinions. An environment with strict rules about behavior, rights, and respect for individual diversity will provide a place where studen... Free Essays on My Philosophy Of Education Free Essays on My Philosophy Of Education My teaching philosophy is based on a personal belief that the most important thing anyone can accomplish in life is to help others learn how to succeed. The main goal of education is to prepare students for the life ahead of them. I believe social studies in particular is an essential part of the curriculum. It serves as a function to help students understand human relations that occurred in the past, are in many ways occurring now, and will likely take place again. This discernment may help students foster and expand beliefs that will make it more likely that they will be able to determine in any situation what is the best thing to do. In the classroom, I like to think that my methods will combine the best of long-established practices with the best of the new. Some topics must be taught through textbook and lecture. There are also some topics that can be taught more effectively through hands-on or even technological approaches. My students and their interests are my focus when deciding which method to deliver. I want to focus on the learning styles of my students when designing a lesson plan, recognizing that learning styles vary from student to student. Change is a large factor when making lesson plans; what worked last year or for a different class may not necessarily work now. I feel that teachers should constantly continue their own education and stay well-informed with current trends in order to always be adaptable to ever changing classroom settings. My responsibility as a social studies teacher is to imagine and create places of learning. My classroom shall be structured as if it were a community. The structured environment will help students to feel safe and secure. I will mediate as students are able to communicate with each other as well as respect each other?s opinions. An environment with strict rules about behavior, rights, and respect for individual diversity will provide a place where studen...

Free sample - People and Organization 2. translation missing

People and Organization 2. People and Organization 2Introduction The management of resources in businesses and organizations is one of the major factor that is deemed important in the contemporary corporate world. Above all, the management of human resource has remained on top of the agenda among these businesses and organization organizations. Notably, the human resources in the contemporary corporate world are some of the determining factors on whether a company or organization would rise or fall. In connection to this, it is important to note that the management of human resources begins from the recruitment of talent, to training and equipping them with different knowledge and skills which will enhance the capability of these employees to handle challenges that arises on a daily basis in their respective fields or rather department. In reference to Silzer and Dowell (2010, p.3), for good or ill, people make the decisions and takes the actions that result in success or failure of their organizations. This report will therefore focus on some of the major issues which are considered when by companies in selecting the appropriate personnel. Notably, whereas education was a major factor which was considered in recruiting personnel in businesses and organizations, this has changed. Arguably, there are many other factors which are considered as important which must be considered to assist businesses and organizations across the globe to gain a comparative advantage over their peers in a particular industry. According to Mullins (2005, p.35), people bring their own perceptions, feelings and attitudes towards the organization, systems and styles of management, their duties and responsibilities, and the conditions under which they are working. In other words, education is not the only factor that matters in the selections process of personnel for a company. Therefore, among the issues which will be considered are; individual personality/attitudes: motivation, group and team behavior, orga nizational design and conflict resolution. Consequently, this report will focus on other factors apart from education in the analysis of the approaches that a company can use to select appropriate personnel, their effectiveness and finally on their shortcomings. Armstrong (2000) asserts that the recruitment strategy should explore methods not only of recruiting the number of people required, but also of finding staff who have the necessary skills and experience, who are likely to deliver the sort of behavior required and will fit into the organization’s culture readily. Therefore, the aim of examining the selection process would be to determine how effective a particular method is and some of the weaknesses which are reflected in the method. In addition to examining the effectiveness and weaknesses of selection processes, this report would also scrutinize the ideal profile of sales representative in a company that produces and sells cosmetics. Apparently, education is the major determinant of whether a person would be recruited by a company or not. However, this is not the case. Note that apart from education, there are other factors that increase the chances of a person being recruited. On the other, it is also assumed that all employees in a particular position must possess certain similar skills to be recruited in this department. However, this is a misleading perception since different employees have different tasks which require different knowledge and skills in different companies. For instance, a sale’s person in the motor industry needs different skills and knowledge from the one in the cosmetics industry. In line with this, a specific profile which is fit for a sales person in a company that produces and sells would be analyzed. In addition, the best selective method of a sales’ representative would also be analyzed. Needless to say, the method that is employed to select personnel determines by a lar ge percentage whether such an employee would an asset or a liability to the company. In line with this, there are different selection methods that have been identified in the corporate world. Selection Approaches Used in Selecting Personnel There are numerous approaches which have developed over time which are used to select appropriate employees who will increase the level of competitive advantage of the particular company or organization. In this respect, the hiring team is required to understand the context under which these approaches can be utilized and the factors to consider under each approach. The understanding of these factors determines by a large percentage whether the recruitment process would a success or would fail from the onset of the recruitment process. According to the Leading experts from Baker McKenzie lawyers and the Macquarie Graduate School of Management (2009), the recruitment and selection process must consider three main activities, namely; defining needs, attracting candidates and selecting candidates (p.218). In this regard, the selection processes are composed of various approaches. These include; individual personalities/attitude, motivation, group and team behavior, organizational desig n and conflict resolution. Individual Personality/Attitudes To begin with, the selection approaches to selecting appropriate employees who would raise the standards of the company or organization is utilizing individual personality and attitudes approach. In consistent with this, it is important to mention that individual personalities and attitudes are some of the most important factors which define the perspectives of the employees towards the available vacancy. In reference to Robbins (2009, p.108), factors such as job demands, the degree of required interaction with others, and the organization’s culture are examples of situational variables that moderate the personality –job performance relationship. In relation to this, individual personality and attitude plays a vital role in determining whether a person would be able to deliver results when employed. Remarkably, there is a difference between personality traits of a person and his or her overall skills for a particular job position. However, it is important to understand that the personality and attitude of a person determines the decisions which are made by the employees when faced with certain tasks. For instance, when a person is employed in the customer care department, the approach that such a person uses to deal with customer can easily be influenced by the attitude and the personality of a person. Therefore, a person can either be rational or irrational due to influences by his or her attitude and personality character. Consequently, whereas personality can determine the way employees respond to issues at the workplace, there effect is less influential. In regard to this, the use of personality as a way of determining whether an applicant is the right one for the job or not does not allow companies and organizations to recruit effectively. According to Kusluvan (2003, p.438), one does not need to modify style or curtail certain aspects of unique personality to be successful. This is irrespective of the fact that personality tests are critical in helping companies and organizations to understand individuals while at the same time helping these individuals to understand themselves. Therefore, whereas this is an important aspect in helping employees to realize some of their strengths and weaknesses, it has a lot of limitations in the sense that a good personality does not necessarily means that a person would be successful and vice versa. Motivation Motivation is another aspect or rather approach that is used to recruit personnel in companies and organizations across the globe. In this regard, the contemporary corporate world has greatly shifted from just being a ‘dry’ workplace to an enhanced workplace where employees need to be motivated to increase their productivity. On the contrary, lack of motivation at the workplace may result in low productivity and incomprehension. Therefore, by considering employees with the capability to motivate others, companies and organizations can be able to select appropriate employees for different positions. However, this is valid to a certain limit. Accordingly, Grant (2004, p.212) argues that the motivation index determined for a candidate will likely reflect motivation during the early days of employment. One of the potential shortcomings of motivation is the fact that individual motivation is affected by the conditions which have been set by the company or organization and the corporate culture which has been fostered by the company or organization. Therefore, the dependability on this approach as a way of selecting appropriate personnel is limited. Group and Team Behavior Group and team behavior play a significant role in the increasing production of companies and enhancing their comparative advantage in its industry of operation. Basically, the ability of individuals to fit in a particular group or team in the company is an important factor or rather attribute in a prospective employee. More to this point, employees are also required to work in some situation on their own. Therefore, the employee selection team need to consider both the ability to fit in a group or a team and the also the ability to work on their own. Van Velsor, McCauley Ruderman (2010, p.482) argues that some programs are structured specifically around small group activities, discussion, and personal reflection, whereas others offer hands-on opportunities through business simulations, artistic exploration. Team-building exercises, and new-skills practice. In addition, most members of the group learn through groups and teams. Therefore, understanding the ability of a person to fit in a particular group or team is an important selection aspect that must be taken into account when recruiting personnel for companies and organizations. Selecting employees using their ability to either fit or manage groups and teams may not be some of the effective way of recruiting talent into companies and organizations. This is as a result of the fact that individuals are required to fit both in teams and groups as well as work on their own. There are various limitations which have been identified along the way in using this approach in the selection approaches of employees. To begin with, since most members learn through groups and teams while on the other hand receiving orders from group or team leaders, this may affect their ability to think rationally on their own since they have learnt to depend on the decisions which are made by the group as opposed to individuals. Organizational Design In reference to Chang (2010, p.92), the organizational design must be flexible to effectively serve the purpose at hand. Therefore, while recruiting employees into the company, the selection team must consider organizational design as a way of ascertaining whether the prospective employees would be able to fit in a particular organization design based on their qualification. Notably, organizational design defines the purposes of the organization to a particular limit and therefore, any new member who is brought on board must meet certain standards before being accepted on the personnel team. Chang (2010, p.92) organizational strategies refer to preparatory activities and tasks related to workplace design, job design, employee selection and development, employee rewards and recognition, and the introduction of applicable tools for serving customers. Organizational design assists in selection of employees who are able to meet the targets which has been set by the organization or company in question. As a result of this, employers are able to acquire the exact talent that is required for their success. However, one of the weaknesses which have been noted lies in the fact that organization design changes with time. These changes have been found to affect the ability of some employees to perform in the company. This may affect the overall production of the company. Conflict Resolution According to Iyer (2000, p.8), it is clear that business principles differ across countries and these differences often translate into fundamental differences in employee selection and hiring procedures, conduct of business negotiations, information provided to consumers, pursuit of self-interest motive, to name but a few. Some of the issues which are considered are conflict resolution which falls under the ethical issues. Therefore, using conflict resolution as an approach in selecting appropriate employees is an important issue in positioning a company or organization to acquire comparative advantage. For a company to recruit personnel effectively based on their skills and knowledge in conflict resolution, these employees need to have a background understanding of the ethical issues which have been formulated not only by the company but also by regulatory bodies in the country of operation and across the globe. Nonetheless, using conflict resolution approach in dealing with the selection process is a limited way of personnel selection approach. The weaknesses of this approach in employee selection is based on the fact different department have different needs. In other words, not all departments need people to be involved in conflict resolution based on the nature of work this department handles. In line with this, conflict resolution approach is not necessarily an excellent way of recruiting appropriate personnel in the businesses and organizations. Sales Representative in a Company that Produces and Sells Cosmetics The kind of environment in which one is working is an important determinant of the qualities which are needed by such person. In line with this, different professionals are required to acquire certain skills and knowledge to be able to work in a specified environment. In consistent with this, a Sales Representative in a company that produces and sells cosmetics must possess key characters or rather qualification for him or her to be deemed as the most appropriate employee for this company. References Armstrong, M 2000, Strategic Human Resource Management: a Guide to Action. Kogan Page Publishers. Chang, CM 2010, Service Systems Management and Engineering: Creating Strategic Differentiation and Operational Excellence. John Wiley and Sons. Grant, PC 2004, The law of escalating marginal sacrifice: explaining a plethora of heretofore unresolved motivation phenomena. Maryland: University Press of America. Iyer, GR 2000, Teaching international business: ethics and corporate social responsibility. London: Routledge. Kusluvan, S 2003, Managing Employee Attitudes and Behaviors in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry. New York: Nova Publishers. Leading experts from Baker McKenzie lawyers and the Macquarie Graduate School of Management 2009, Australian master human resources guide 2009. CCH Australia Limited. Mullins, LJ 2005, Management and Organizations Behaviour. Essex: Pearson Education Limited. Robbins, S.P. (2009). Organisational behaviour: global and Southern African perspectives. Cape Town: Pearson South Africa Silzer, RF and Dowell, D 2010, Strategy-Driven Talent Management: A Leadership Imperative. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Van Velsor, E, McCauley, CD Ruderman, MN 2010, The Center for Creative Leadership Handbook of Leadership Development. John Wiley and Sons.

Effects of Terrorism on World Population Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Effects of Terrorism on World Population - Essay Example Part of the United States’ response was to wage a war on a terrorist-sponsoring state, Afghanistan, in an attempt to destroy the group responsible for the attack, which is another effect of terrorism. In addition to political effects, terrorism brings with it economic consequences, which will be made clearer with the September 11 example, and psychological consequences, which will be illustrated using other examples of terrorism from the past century. Overall, the effects of terrorism on a society are grievous and intentional, and they stem from that intentional, schematic use of aggression to inflict harm on civilian populations. Politically, terrorism evokes war and the usual costs of war: military-related deaths (as evidenced by Operating Enduring Freedom), restrictions on personal liberties (as evidenced by the Patriot Act of 2001), and decreased trust in governments and public officials to provide safety and security to the nation. Since 2001 with the beginning of Operati on Enduring Freedom, approximately 2,796 coalition fatalities have occurred, which is a significant impact on communities within the United States, Great Britain, and elsewhere (casualties). The Patriot Act of 2001, which was passed as a means of intercepting and obstructing terrorism, allows federal law enforcement to intercept private communications between American citizens. In addition to restrictions on personal liberties, terrorism generally results in public distrust of governments and public officials. Distrust in government during a time of crisis is generally a source of social destabilization, a form of nihilism that is the ultimate goal of terrorism. Correspondingly, terrorism has definite economic consequences for the regions and countries suffering from its effects. A primary measure of economic productivity, such as GDP, may provide an immediate perspective on how impactful terrorism is on a macroeconomy. According to one analysis, the September 11th attacks reduced r eal GDP growth in 2001 by 0.5%, and increased unemployment rate by 0.11% (or approximately 598,000 jobs) (Roberts). In addition, forecasted GDP growth for 2002 fell sharply because of the attacks, indicating a loss of consumer confidence as a result. Politically and economically, the cost of national defense skyrocketed after the terrorist attacks, which, as economic Paul Krugman notes, is a result of the â€Å"political program enabled by terrorism† (Balogun 115). Sometimes, and ideally from the perspective of a terrorist, the actual attack will significantly influence economic targets. The World Trade Center, for instance, contained essential information for multinational corporations, which was completely lost in the attacks. In addition, the attacks occurred mainly in New York City, which houses the New York Stock Exchange that closed for a week following the attacks—a closure that represented the stoppage of the global economy. Lastly, at a more individual level, the psychological consequences of terrorism are equally severe. All Americans were afflicted with a similar sort of paranoia (often fueled by race) in the days, weeks, and even months after the September 11 attacks.

Virtual Gallery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Virtual Gallery - Essay Example At worst, the blacks were made slaves. Slavery was a form of business in the United States at that time. The slaves were not free. They were considered property by the American traders and plantation owners. They were not granted civil and political rights. Both the south and north of America had exemplified this historical event. Nevertheless, the time came when the Americans realized that the black people should be granted freedom and be treated like humans. It was the Northern part of America which started granting liberty to the slaves. Nevertheless, the Southerners became persistent than ever to maintain slavery in their area. The opposing policies of the Northern and Southern part of America had resulted into a civil war. There were states that made their own confederacy and disintegrated from the American united states or the union. Significantly, the civil war was ended through the Emancipation Proclamation. The triumph of the Emancipation Proclamation could be reflected thro ugh A. A. Lamb’s painting, an American painter. The painting entitled Emancipation Proclamation perfectly illustrates the declaration as an important period of American history. It can be observed that there are four main characters in the painting. These are the following: the black people, the soldiers of the Union, the Statue of Liberty and Abraham Lincoln.

The Rise of Petrol Prices In the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Rise of Petrol Prices In the UK - Essay Example More so, the rising petrol prices mostly affects the consumers and motorists hence the need for a review. We can however, deduce that the government has an ability to regulate the escalating petroleum prices. The Guardian records that Yorkshire, Humberside, and north England experience the lowest petrol prices at 137.6p a litre. However, in cities like London and Scotland, prices have hit an all-time high of 137.8p a litre (The Guardian, 2013, p.1). This is interesting as it demonstrates the variance in pricing of petrol across various cities. As such, we can deduce that price of petrol in UK varies from one city to another. Moreover, the motoring organization established that petrol prices in UK rose to an average of 138.32p a litre in February this year. This demonstrates a rise of 6.24p a litre since early January. Most specifically, petro prices rose by 1p in a span of five days. Actually, Experian Catalist puts the recent petrol price at an average of 132.83 pence a litre. As a result, the cost of fuelling a two-car family in a month with petrol rose to ?13.25 and the cost of refilling a typical 50-litre tank rose to ?3.12.Indeed, the AA president, Edmund King states that this is the third 10p-a-litre wholesale price increase in a span of11 months (The Guardian, 2013, p.1). As a result, the drivers in UK reduced petroleum consumption by 14m to1.465bn liters in January 2013. This is important in that it demonstrates that the effects of high petro prices streams down from the wholesaler to the motorists and the public. We can therefore deduce that increase in petrol prices has adverse effects on the motorists and results to reduced fuel consumption. The AA states that stock market speculators and the plunging pound are the major contributors to the... This paper approves that the AA states that stock market speculators and the plunging pound are the major contributors to the rising petrol prices in UK. Notable is the fact that rising petrol prices lead to reduced economic growth and economic hardship for many UK citizens. Because of this the AA president requests the UK government to shelve the idea of increasing the fuel duty later in the year for purposes of stabilizing petrol prices and reducing the effects on motorists, mother consumers, and businesses in UK. This is interesting as it demonstrates the effects of tax and duty on the prices of petrol in UK. We can therefore deduce that the government can regulate fuel prices through taxes and duties. Moreover, the Office of Fair Trading confirms that it will soon launch an inquiry into the rising petrol prices and its effects on drivers, consumers, and businesses in UK. In the meantime, the price of petrol continues to rise as the blame game on who is causing this trend persists . This report makes a conclusion that the analysis of the statistics relating to rising fuel prices is important in that it monitors fuel prices in UK for possible reviews and compares the price of fuel in UK to other EU countries. More so, this information is important to students, academicians, and the public as it evaluates the recent and historic petrol price changes thus preparing them for possible changes. In addition, government departments, business consultants, and organizations also use this data for planning. Moreover, the EU uses this information to derive EU price statistics.

Creation Of The Work Breakdown Structure Management Essay

Creation Of The Work Breakdown Structure Management Essay Project scope management refers the processes involved in defining and controlling what is included and what is not included in the project. The project team and stakeholders must have the same understanding of what products will be produces as a result of a project and what processes will be used in producing them. In addition, the scope management must be stated clearly, ensure all of the process that the project includes all the work required and only the work required to complete the project successfully. These would express and discuss about the scope of management of this project which is a web-based travel agency system for Samson travels. Basically, the purpose of this manuscript is to provide suggestion and guidelines that are most important in the Scope management plan which are stated categorically below; Creation of The Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) The project players will make effort together to develop a Work break down structure (WBS) after it has been put in place Samson travels which are the sponsors would make review of the work break down structure which is also going to be in the presence of the project manager in order to make sure that the all the endeavor necessary to complete the project would be put in place inside the work break down structure. On the other hand, the project team from their own side would also carry an analysis based on the WBS in order to make sure it has comply with the guidelines for creating WBS example; function oriented WBS. In addition, the project team would the project team members would establish the task required to complete each deliverable which will be appraised and agreed by the entire group members and Samson travel agency. The tasks would include the processes, the invention and all associated task. However, all-purpose guideline to follow for determining the level of details that is the lowest level of the WBS ought to on the whole to take no longer time as its supposed to complete the project, moreover, revision of the WBS would also take place at this moment after an approval by the sponsors as considered necessary. Functional Requirements The functional requirements have been defined in the project as to describe or provide a brief explanation to the users as well as the stakeholders on what functionality or services that the online travel system for Samson travels system is expected or capable of providing. The functional requirements consist of important criterias such as the descriptions of the processing that the system is expected to carry out and the details of data that must be held in the system. After having a brief discussion with our team members as well as referring to educational resources such as the Internet, the functional requirements specification for the online travels agency system for Samson travels are as follows: The system should provide schedule searching where the user will be able to search the desired schedule and then book the tickets The system must record all the booking done online by the user The system should store the information entered by the user during new account creation. The system should store the entire users personal information and must provide the capability to the user to update as well as delete account. The system should provide effective security features such as login authentication to validate whether the user is a valid user or not and provide a firewall to avoid possible hacking activities. Non-Functional Requirements The non-functional requirement has been defined as the requirements which are not directly relevant or concerned with the specific functions or features delivered by the system such as response time, reliability, and storage capacity. Similar analysis which is conducted for the functional requirements are also done here which is by referring to educational resources such as the Internet and some books from the library. The non-functional requirements for the ticket-reservation system are as follows: Low FAR In terms of reliability, the FAR or fully known as the Failure Accuracy Rate of the system should be less than 10%. Also, the Samson travels agency system would provide assurance to the user that any potential of system crashing is minimal. Quick response time The Samson Travel agency system would have a quick response time for all the features involved and must make sure that the user doesnt wait for a long time for a particular process to happen. For example, all the process such as login authentication should be done less than 20 seconds. Quick data connectivity There should be quick data connectivity between the system and the database when process such as data retrieval for login authentication is conducted to ensure higher rate of response time and efficiency as well. Security Features The system should have the capacity of protecting or securing data from any invalid access of data from hackers as well as virus protection from viruses such as Trojan horse as well as worms. Usability Requirements Usability requirements is where the developer Samson travels system must ensure that there is good match between the system that is developed and both the users of that system as well as the tasks they will perform when using the system. The usability requirements for the ticket reservation system are as follows: User-friendly One of the major factors in the usability requirements is the user-friendliness of the system. The system must be user-friendly and the user must not have any difficulty in performing certain functions such as Online booking of packages and ticket reservation. Also, if the user-friendliness rate of the system is high then the customer can perform any tasks such in a short period of time. User freedom When the user uses the Samson travels Online traveling agency system, the user must have a sense of control towards the system with the ability to navigate buttons as well as updating their personal profile (for members) without much difficulty and also, the user should be to correct their mistakes, for example, if the user mistakenly enters a different web page which he/she didnt desired, then he/she can go back to their destination page by just clicking the button that links them to that page without the necessity to go the home page again. Project Requirement The requirement of this project is an aim that has got to be met before the entire project process can be carried out effectively and efficiently. However, Project Analyst is one of the basic and primary requirements in terms of the project. They analyze and specify the entire project requirement and make sure the entire process has meet requirement. In addition, in order to complete this exercise the project team needs certain hardware and software which would be listed below: Firstly, the project team needs some sets of computer systems with high specification. Microsoft windows XP professional version 2003 with service pack 2, Intel(R) D CPU 300GHZ, 300 GHZ 512GB RAM Microsoft Windows server This server is a special operating system for a server computer in which the operating system can make best use of the performance of the computer. Microsoft Access Database software This software would be used by the authors in other to provide good data storage and optimum security features. Managing Demand For Changes To Project The demand for to the project scope that may have an important effect on meeting and project requirement be obliged to pursue the formal procedures specified. In addition, demand details must be filled in a form which would be reviewed in order to prevent scope embezzlement. Conclusion Decisively, Samson Traveling agency is a high end modern travel agency, with a unique edge to serving the general public the world as a whole. And from the company study, it is without doubt that the company holds abreast the vision to satisfy their clients exclusively. Based on the research done, and the scope analysis, the author has decided to raise certain issues that could increase the companys image and profit (after all, profit is the initial purpose of every business). The web application proposed is or would be to no detriment, but instead an edge for the company, the web application would solve a couple of impending problems that both the company and its customers are facing today. Consequently, the system will be designed in such a way that users skill will be put into consideration as there are the once using the system at most of the time. But before the design, an analysis will be taken in other to know the level of their performance, so that the system will be a user friendly system with no training will be required. STAFFING PLAN Human Resource Management is based on ideas and techniques developed to enhance worker motivation, productivity and performance. Human resources include all project stakeholders such as the student, project team members and suppliers. The major processes involved in human resources management include: Organization plan, which involves identifying, assigning and document project roles, responsibility and reporting relationships. Staff acquisition, which involves getting the needed personnel assigned to work on the project. Team development, which involves building individual skills or group skills to enhance project performance. Project Human Resource Management includes the processes necessary for organizing and managing the project team (www.skillsoft.com, 2010). In addition, a good human resource management will increase the success rate of a particular project as the people in a project determine the success and failure of organizations and projects. Project Skilled Required For the current project Samson travel agency system, the development team members need certain skills to make this project a success. Below are some of the skills the development team member must acquire:- I. Programming skill The programming skill is needed to build the software. Programming skill is important during the development of the software as most of the job required coding to do the job. II. Designing skill The design of the interface is also important as it must be easy to use, easy to understand and the most important of all is that the interface satisfied the requirement of the client. III. Analyzing skill The analyzing skill is important during the early phase of the project as analyzing the user requirement and the client requirement will make the job easier when designing and easier for the programmer to build the software. IV. Testing skills The tester must understand the quality criteria and standards that the software objectives should meet and will be measured against. The tester must test the software for functionality, software output, reliability, user acceptance testing, and etc. The tester must also test the software to see that the software meet the requirement of the client and the end user. V. Communication skill The team member must have this communication skill as when team members communicate with each other, the tension between them will be reduced significantly and the chance of success will increase. This is a skill that the project manager must acquire. VI. Co-operating skill The team member must help each other for the success of this project. It is inevitable for each member to face certain problems during the project. VII. Leadership skill The project manager must have high leadership skill as he is the person who oversees the whole project and the one responsible for the entire project. He must be able to manage the entire team member and giving them work. VIII. Documentation and presenting skill The presentation of the software to the client and end user is very important as a good presentation will give them a good first impression of the software and that will increase the satisfaction of the client toward the software. A proper documentation with proper format is also important as they will introduce the product and also included the user manual that clearly indicate how to use the software. Project Team Structure and Organization Team Members Role and Responsibility Project Manager The project manager of the Samson travels agency system is responsible to deliver the project fully functional and satisfies the requirements of the system. He is expected to have the necessary management skills, problem solving etiquettes, team leadership ability and is responsible for assuring that project goals and objectives are met, quality work is completed on time and within budget, and for making appropriate decisions. The project manager chooses the best team to develop the system and assign each member of the team to his best ability. The task dependency requires the project manager to be able to enforce the time efficient team, in order to avoid any sort of delay. In addition, this document helps identify and clarify roles, responsibilities, and authorities, and should be included in the Project Execution Plan. The project manager is expected to possess following criteria: Understand the basic of analysis, design, coding and testing Financial fundamentals. Expertise in scheduling, productivity, communications and network diagram System Analyst The system analyst of Samson travels system is person who in charge to assist current or potential application users in identifying and describe problems or opportunities that might addressed either by implement a new or change a exist system. The analyst uses business requirements in detail and, where appropriate, prepares functional specification for the system. The system analyst is quite attached to a sumptuous part of the development of the system , and the system analyst here is basically the IT inclined system analysis professionals, who will be handling and at the lowest level, be in charge of reporting progress to the project manager and project team. Systems analyst read and studies the process in and the system requirement. So if there is any problem in the previous system then basically the system analyst has to suggest new ideas in improving the system. His job is to make the designer know what to design. The system analyst will study the organization and the environments to come up with some requirements. Personal Requirements and skills required of the system analyst include: Think creatively Good communication skills Being patient Analytical thinking System Designer In the development of the online system for Samson travels the designers basically is composing of web developers and network administrators will be developing a simple interface and will be managing the network. This interface which is composed of buttons, labels, text fields and images, will be very user friendly to use. Also the designer would draw out some sketches or story-board to simplify the system work flow. Their main action includes: An understanding of the intended audience, client culture, and learning preferences as well as the understanding of human computer factors and interface design. Personal Requirements of the system designer includes: Think creatively Good communication skills Creative thinking Understand the basic of analysis, design, coding and testing System Programmer The programmer for the Samson travel agency system basically the one responsible to develop the coding for the system. He develops the system based on the requirements gathered and based on the system designers perspective. Also to build the software with his specialty and that is programming. He is the person who does the most programming in this development phase. Other than building the software, he have to ensure that other programmer are doing their job and passing up every portion of programming work on time. If there is some functionality problem, bugs or errors, he will be in charge to solve these problems. Tester is the person who will test the system once the system developed in order to get the feedback about the system. It is important for the project group to perform the testing part to make sure the system run without any errors. Personal Requirements of the system programmer includes: Experience Coding expert Being patient The ability to understand the functional side of the system MOTIVATION TECHNIQUES WHICH IS APPLIED TO ALL TEAM MEMBERS Motivation Theory that Applies in Project Team of Samson Travels Agency: Frederick Herzberg The proposed motivation technique for the project team is Herzberg Motivational and Hygiene Factors. Frederick Herzberg wrote several famous books and articles that about motivation. Frederick Herzberg contributed to human relations and motivation two theories of motivation which is Hygiene Theory and Motivation. The first part of the motivation theory involves the hygiene theory and includes the job environment. The hygiene factors include: the company, its policies and its administration, the kind of supervision which people receive while on the job, working conditions interpersonal relations, salary, status, and Security These factors do not lead to higher levels of motivation but without them there is dissatisfaction. The second part of Herzbergs motivation theory involves what people actually do on the job (www.businessballs.com, 2010). The motivators are: achievement, recognition, growth / advancement and Interest in the job. These factors result from internal generators in employees, yielding motivation rather than movement. Both these approaches (hygiene and motivation) must be done simultaneously. Treat people as best you can so they have a minimum of dissatisfaction. Use people so they get achievement, recognition for achievement, interest, and responsibility and they can grow and advance in their work. (www.businessballs.com, 2010) Therefore, the hygiene and motivation factors can be listed as follows: Hygiene Company policies and administration Supervision Working conditions and interpersonal relations Salary, status and security Achievement Recognition for achievement Interest in the task Responsibility for enlarged task Growth and advancement to higher level tasks The entire project team proposed this motivation theory and by following it, the team members will be well motivated and do well in their job. Regarding the motivation theory, some of factors are not for motivate team member such as the kind of supervision which people receive while on the job, working conditions and interpersonal relations. But if without those factors, the team member wills dissatisfaction. The project manager and entire project team follow the motivation factors that define by Herzberg to motivate team member, such as recognition when a team member success in certain task, he or she will recognize by the team member. (www.businessballs.com, 2010) Besides, motivate the team member by show interest in their job will have great improvement for them to archive their task. Since they have interest on their job, they will put in more effort and do their work better. MOTIVATION TECHNIQUES APPLIED TO FAMO TEAM MEMBERS For the project team of Samson Travels agency, just apply motivation theory is not enough. There must have some of techniques to increasing motivation because motivation is better than offering gifts and compensation. Get Team Member Onboard: One of the biggest mistakes that the Project manager make is that they come up with their objective without including the team in the process. The more you involve your employees in decision making the more apt theyll be to give it their all. If youve already identified the objective on your own, then ask employees how to achieve it. However, in this project team employees are carried along in order to prevent the mistakes that might lead to the failure of the project. Work challenge: In situations whereby the project manager gives a job to a particular team member, the manager would challenge him to submit it during a period of time. If he manages to complete the task within that period of time, the project manager will offer some benefits to that team member. Find out What Drives Them: Treat each member as an individual and determine what motivates them, and its not always money. There have been all sorts of studies that show if you throw more money at the situation, and then all theyll do is come to expect it. A good way to determine an employees motivation is to simply sit down with them one-on-one and ask them directly what gets them going. As stated above, this techniques been applied in the Samson travels agency project team in order to motivate the entire project. Offer Positive Feedback All the team members get a charge from stepping into the spotlight. Its important when youre working in a team to acknowledge people in a public way, hold recognition sessions frequently to keep everyone enthusiastic and on track. Listen Up: Nothing will deflate the team member bubble than not being heard. Sometimes leaders do all the talking and no one likes one-sided meetings. Through meeting, Project manager can get some opinion or suggestion from the team members.

Double Indemnity :: essays research papers

Double Indemnity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before I start my paper I would just like to say that it was the best film yet! In this movie Walter Neff went through a huge transformation. He went through one that would change his life dramatically.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Walter Neff at the start of the film was an honest hard working man. He spent eleven years selling insurance and loved every minute of it for the most part. While Walter was going through his papers he must of noticed that Mr. Dietricson’s auto insurance had run out. After trying to contact him several times he decided to drive over to the house. As he stood in the door way there she was, a beautiful blonde standing in a towel. This was the beginning of his problems. The two sat down in the living room where they went over the insurance. Eventually, Walter started to hit on her, but that didn’t last to long. Mrs. Dietrichson said that it would be better if he cam back another day to settle the insurance problem when her husband was around. Walter returned to his office and a message was left from Mrs. Dietrichson asking if he could come by tomorrow afternoon. This is where her plan went into action. Mrs. Dietrichson flirted with Walter and acted like she had feelings for him. After they see each other a few times Mrs. Dietrichson talks about how she is hit and how she wishes her husband were dead so that Walter and she could be together.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since Walter was an insurance sales man he knew a lot about the business and cases. Walter planed out a perfect death that could never be considered murder. He would kill Mr. Dietrichson before his trip on the train. Then he would have Mrs. Dietrichson meet him down the tracks where he will jump off. Quickly Mr. Dietrichson’s body will be placed on the tracks to make it seem like he fell off and died. This went very smoothly except for one thing a man was sitting in the back of the train before he jumped off so there was a witness. Mrs. Dietrichson manipulated Walter just so she may be able to get rid of her husband and get a lump sum of money.

Backlash Films

Over twenty years after its release, Fatal Attraction continues to inspire discussion and controversy. While the movie comfortably takes its place as one of the biggest blockbusters of the 1980s and one of the most unforgettable thrillers in cinematic history, there are many that contend it contains a slew of anti-feminist overtones. The female lead and her traits as an otherwise archetypal career woman combine with her psycho-sexual obsession with the male lead to create a character that some may see as tragic and insane, while others see as a direct attack on the feminist movement itself.With its portrayal of the stalking career woman that victimizes a hapless man and his innocent wife, Fatal Attraction contains many elements that reflect a â€Å"backlash† against the feminist movement, as well as dark male fears over the proliferation of career-minded women. Fatal Attraction, released in 1987, written by James Dearden and directed by Adrian Lyne, was conceived as a film abo ut the consequences of infidelity. The film’s main character, Dan Gallagher, played by Michael Douglas, is a New York lawyer with a seemingly happy family that includes a beautiful wife Beth, played by Anne Archer, and daughter.When Dan’s wife and daughter go away for the weekend, Dan meets the independent and sultry Alex Forrest, played by Glenn Close, at his law firm. The two soon engage in what Dan believes to be a casual and temporary affair. When Dan attempts to end the affair, Alex’s refusal to accept it turns dramatically negative. Alex begins to stalk Dan, showing up where he does, calling him until he refuses to take her calls. Eventually, realizing that Dan truly wants nothing to do with her, she tells him that she is pregnant with his baby.The growing obsessive madness of Alex peaks after she spies on Dan and his family from the bushes in his yard, and later breaks into the house when the family is out and boils the pet rabbit of Dan’s daughter . Because he can no longer hide his transgressions, Dan tells Beth about the affair, and she eventually forgives him. Alex crosses the final line with Dan and his family when she kidnaps his daughter only to return her unharmed later. It becomes apparent to all involved that something must be done, and for Alex, that means killing Dan’s wife so she can take her place.In a final climatic scene, Alex, Beth, and Dan physically fight as Alex attempts to kill Beth with a butcher knife. Dan is forced to drown Alex in the bathtub, but she only appears dead and attacks him again, when Beth, using a gun Dan purchased for protection, promptly guns her down. While many of the plot points in the movie can be seen as simple movie suspense, the deeper one digs the easier it is to find subtle allusions to the place of women in society. The role of the female characters in Fatal Attraction show diverging archetypes for the ideal woman, as viewed by traditionalists and progressive feminists.O n the one hand is Alex, the calculating career woman; on the other hand is Beth, the faithful wife and mother. The main female characters show the dichotomy between the traditional social roles of women and the ultramodern. According to Gerrig, â€Å"A social role is a socially defined pattern of behavior that is expected of a person when functioning in a given setting or group† (Gerrig and Zimbardo 574). The portrayal of each can be seen as a representation of a provincial masculine view of femininity, in essence a backlash against feminism. Feminism has long been a misunderstood concept, by women and men alike.Beginning in the late nineteenth century with the rise of â€Å"the New Woman,† the First International Women’s Conference in Paris in 1892 coined the word after the French term feministe, to represent a belief in and advocacy of equal rights for women based on the idea of the equality of the sexes (Haslanger and Tuana). At the time, it was a call for su ffrage and equal justice for women and represented the beginning of the â€Å"First Wave† of feminism, which in America culminated in the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment guaranteeing women the right to vote.By the time Fatal Attraction was released, feminism was in the midst of a strong new wave of feminism, which began in the late 1960s. In the â€Å"Second Wave† of feminism, feminists pushed far beyond the first wave by asking for more than just equal political rights but also greater universal equality in the workplace, education, at home, and with their own bodies (Haslanger and Tuana). The proliferation of birth control added to this wave and the growing independence of women reached a zenith in the 1980s, with women achieving equality in almost every sense of the word, with prominent women politicians, artists, and world figures.The character of Alex Forrest seemed to suggest a dark side to this rise of feminism, that the irrational female psyche will eventua lly overrule the mindset of even the most successful women, granted that they failed to have the things traditionally considered the most feminine: a family. The stability of the idealized traditional wife and mother, Beth, provides a stark contrast to the nightmarish descent into madness of the progressive single woman, Alex. While this could be nothing more than a dramatic coincidence, some see it as a deliberate expression of masculine fear of female empowerment.Fatal Attraction seems to suggest an almost misogynistic fear of the independent career woman that she seeks to destroy families and will stop at nothing to do so: â€Å"In its representation of a crazy career woman out to destroy the nuclear family, the film is a perfect example of the era’s conservative backlash against independent women† (Benshoff and Griffin 281). Alex participates in stalking, which is traditionally associated with men, and she possesses many of the same dominant tendencies of men.In he r book, High Contrast: Race and Gender in Contemporary Hollywood, Sharon Willis critiques Fatal Attraction, taking the position that films like it suggest that â€Å"feminine force seems to arise at the direct expense of masculine power and bodily integrity† and that femininity becomes inextricably linked to masculinity, a position widely shared by feminist film critics. Willis claims that films like Fatal Attraction focus â€Å"on an urgent effort to reinscribe the border of sexual difference at exactly the divide between domestic interior and public space† (Regester 52).Alex engages in behavior that, even in the 1980s, was deemed uniquely masculine. Women have long suffered the double standard of adhering to strict sexual mores, and her promiscuity exemplifies the lack of maternal qualities that most men look for in a mate. However, men like Dan use biological precedent to rationalize their constant desire to spread their seed. Dan is equally responsible for what occ urred, but it is almost as if he is forgiven for his gender’s predilection for sexual promiscuity, however erroneous.The most obvious feminist critique of Fatal Attraction is how it portrays Alex, the professional, single woman in her thirties as domineering, man-obsessed, and driven to insanity by her quest to achieve a long lasting relationship with Dan. The movie vilifies her and on the opposite end of the spectrum, sanctifies Beth, the devoted wife and mother. As with all the strong popular icons before her, Alex â€Å"becomes the screen upon which an audience of thousands projects their fears and fantasies† (Nguyen â€Å"The Legend of Billie Jean†).Through all of this, Dan is portrayed as almost more of a hapless victim that succumbs to the wiles of a siren than what he really is: a cheating spouse. The author of the story, James Dearden contends that he meant no deliberate anti-feminist overtones in his work, which began as a 1979 short film, â€Å"Divers ion. † According to Dearden, he merely borrowed from life to create a minimalist story about the perils of adultery: â€Å"My wife was out of town for the weekend, and I thought what would happen if a man who has just dropped his wife at the railroad station rings this girl who he’s met at a party and says, ‘Would you like to have dinner?’ But, then it all gets ugly† (Forsberg). According to the man who created the story, it was nothing more than a simple suspense story, and the criticisms that label it as anti-feminist and woman fearing are unfounded: â€Å"I don’t see that Alex symbolizes the New Woman and is therefore made to appear ghastly to sabotage the New Woman’s cause. She has a career because she lives in New York, where it’s difficult to survive without one. For me, it was a fable about the irrational creeping into the everyday† (Forsberg).He also examines the possibility of his own fears towards women and the p revalence of men that fear women in his script: â€Å"I don’t think I fear women, but there’s a certain archetype – the temptress who undoes heroes of Homeric legend who is as predatory sexually as the man – which men find hard to deal with because they’re used to being in the dominant role. Women certainly have an equal right to be dominant, but I don't like very dominant males or females period† (Forsberg).While it can be said that Fatal Attraction sought to express the male anxieties about the emerging female, as well as a rejection of feminism as a social force, to the movie aficionado it remains merely a suspense movie filled with gimmicks and plotlines as old as cinema itself. The immense success of Fatal Attraction may have entered it into the feminism conversation, but it realistically remains nothing more than a dramatic examination of adultery and obsession.The idea of the femme fatale is nothing new, and the movie simply showed th at, man or woman, there is no such thing as sex without consequences. Looking at Alex Forrest as a backlash against feminism is a fair criticism, however it is unfair to believe that a fictional suspense movie like Fatal Attraction could influence anybody that saw it free of any preexisting agendas. The movie may be simply a reflection of the ambitions that drive everyone mad, whether male or female, career or sexual, decent or indecent.Works Cited: Benshoff, Harry M. and Sean Griffin. America on Film: Representing Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality at the Movies. London: Blackwell Publishers, 2003. Forsberg, Myra. â€Å"James Dearden: Life After ‘Fatal Attraction’. † The New York Times. 24 Jul 1988. 16 Dec 2008. . Gerrig, Richard J. and Zimbardo, Philip G. â€Å"Social Norms. † Psychology and Life. 17th ed. 2005.Haslanger, Sally & Tuana, Nancy. â€Å"Topics in Feminism. † Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 15 Mar 2004. 16 Dec 2008. . Nguyen, Mimi . â€Å"The Legend of Billie Jean. † WorseThanQueer. com. 1 Aug 2005. 16 Dec 2008. . Regester, Charlene. â€Å"Review: High Contrast: Race and Gender in Contemporary Hollywood Film by Sharon Willis. † Film Quarterly, Vol. 52, No. 2. Winter 1998; pp. 51-52.